[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/hackovani\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/hackovani\/","headline":"H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed","name":"H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed","description":"H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi plo\u0161n\u00e9 textilie, jeho z\u00e1kladem je nahozen\u00ed a t\u00edm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed smy\u010dka. K zhotoven\u00ed je pot\u0159ebn\u00fd h\u00e1\u010dek neboli h\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00ed jehla. Pomoc\u00ed h\u00e1\u010dku se pak tvo\u0159\u00ed o\u010dka z p\u0159\u00edze. P\u016fvod h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m, podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f tato technika poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Tibetu nebo z \u010c\u00edny. Jeho prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 zm\u00ednky jsou ze za\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed z […]","datePublished":"2020-01-12","dateModified":"2023-04-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/34ced1804fd555c2760b3a913ad8d5a4b855e207e462786ab4875bf17a1c516e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/34ced1804fd555c2760b3a913ad8d5a4b855e207e462786ab4875bf17a1c516e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"nowire.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a367603_w3069_t1580113526.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a367603_w3069_t1580113526.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/hackovani\/","about":["Hobby"],"wordCount":460,"articleBody":"H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi plo\u0161n\u00e9 textilie, jeho z\u00e1kladem je nahozen\u00ed a t\u00edm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed smy\u010dka. K zhotoven\u00ed je pot\u0159ebn\u00fd h\u00e1\u010dek neboli h\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00ed jehla. Pomoc\u00ed h\u00e1\u010dku se pak tvo\u0159\u00ed o\u010dka z p\u0159\u00edze. P\u016fvod h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m, podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f tato technika poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Tibetu nebo z \u010c\u00edny. Jeho prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 zm\u00ednky jsou ze za\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed z Anglie. Ru\u010dn\u00ed h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je modern\u00ed i dnes, bu\u010f jako mal\u00e9 \u0159emeslo nebo jako kon\u00ed\u010dek. Koncem 19. stolet\u00ed se za\u010dala rozv\u00edjet i pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba h\u00e1\u010dkovan\u00e9 textilie.  Z\u00e1kladem je oko, zejm\u00e9na pevn\u00e9 nebo \u0159et\u00edzkov\u00e9 oko, d\u00e1le pak je sloupek a ten m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bu\u010f kr\u00e1tk\u00fd, dlouh\u00fd nebo polo, d\u00edky tomu se tvo\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 peci\u010dky, pikotky, \u0159et\u00edzkov\u00e9 sloupky nebo nahazovan\u00e9 sloupky. Z pikotek a peci\u010dek se pak tvo\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 druhy steh\u016f, zejm\u00e9na tunisk\u00fd, rusk\u00fd, hv\u011bzdicov\u00fd a pikotov\u00fd. Tyto stehy pat\u0159\u00ed mezi z\u00e1klady h\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00edch technik. H\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00ed techniky: \u00b7 Bosensk\u00e9 \u2013 textilie p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 tkaninu \u00b7 Tunisk\u00e9– velmi podobn\u00e9 pletenin\u011b \u00b7 Irsk\u00e9 \u2013 tato technika vznikla v polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy se sna\u017eili napodobit ben\u00e1tsk\u00e9 pali\u010dkovan\u00e9 krajky. Irsk\u00e1 krajka se pova\u017euje za excelentn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed. K h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je pot\u0159eba kvalitn\u00ed h\u00e1\u010dek. H\u00e1\u010dky se nej\u010dast\u011bji vyr\u00e1b\u00ed z kovu, ale taky z plastu nebo bambusu. K m\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1m je n\u011bkolik velikost\u00ed, od t\u011bch nejmen\u0161\u00edch 0,1 a\u017e po nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed velikosti 16. K vybr\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1m jsou h\u00e1\u010dky bu\u010f klasick\u00e9, nebo se siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rukojet\u00ed. D\u00e1le je pot\u0159eba h\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edze, ta se dod\u00e1v\u00e1 s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1krutem ne\u017e u tkalcovsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edz\u00ed, jejich z\u00e1krut je okolo 20 \u2013 30 %. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edze bavln\u011bn\u00e9, ale tak\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sm\u011bsn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edze.  Jak jsme psali, \u017ee h\u00e1\u010dkovac\u00ed stroje se za\u010daly pou\u017e\u00edvat koncem 19. stolet\u00ed. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed osnovn\u00ed pletac\u00ed stroje, ty um\u00ed napodobit mnoho h\u00e1\u010dkovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, krom\u011b h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed do kruhu. Co se t\u00fd\u010de ru\u010dn\u00edho h\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, tam se kreativit\u011b meze nekladou. D\u00e1 se uh\u00e1\u010dkovat cokoliv nap\u0159\u00edklad ubrusy, de\u010dky, ba\u010dkory, oble\u010den\u00ed, hra\u010dky, ozdoby atd. H\u00e1\u010dkovat m\u016f\u017ee kdokoliv. Z \u0159et\u00edzkov\u00fdch ok, kter\u00e1 se kombinuj\u00ed s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi, polodlouh\u00fdmi a nahazovan\u00fdmi sloupky, dok\u00e1\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk ud\u011blat zaj\u00edmav\u00fd v\u00fdrobek. H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je dobr\u00e9 na stres a m\u016f\u017ee h\u00e1\u010dkovat kdokoliv, t\u0159ebas i mu\u017ei.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.5\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"H\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.nowire.cz\/hackovani\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]